Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Background Flexibility is crucial to the harmonious execution of joint movements. While skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with HTLV-1 can interfere with mobility, it is unclear whether these patients experience reduced flexibility. Objective To evaluate the differences in flexibility between HTLV-1-infected individuals with and without myelopathy compared with uninfected controls. We also investigated whether age, sex, body mass index (BMI), physical activity level, or lower back pain influence flexibility in HTLV-1-infected individuals. Methods The sample consisted of 56 adults, of which 15 did not have HTLV-1, 15 had HTLV-1 without myelopathy, and 26 had TSP/HAM. Their flexibility was assessed using the sit-and-reach test and a pendulum fleximeter. Results No differences in flexibility were observed between the groups with and without myelopathy and controls without HTLV-1 infection using the sit-and-reach test. The pendulum fleximeter results of individuals with TSP/HAM presented the lowest flexibility among the groups with respect to trunk flexion, hip flexion and extension, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion, even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, level of physical activity, and lower back pain using multiple linear regression models. Additionally, HTLV-1-infected individuals without myelopathy demonstrated reduced flexibility in movements: knee flexion, dorsiflexion, and ankle plantar flexion. Conclusions Individuals with TSP/HAM demonstrated reduced flexibility in most of the movements evaluated by the pendulum fleximeter. Additionally, HTLV-1-infected individuals without myelopathy demonstrated reduced knee and ankle flexibility, potentially representing a marker of myelopathic development.

Resumo Antecedentes A flexibilidade é fundamental para a execução harmoniosa dos movimentos articulares. Embora a disfunção do músculo esquelético em pacientes com HTLV-1 possa interferir na mobilidade, não está claro se esses pacientes apresentam flexibilidade reduzida. Objetivo Avaliar as diferenças de flexibilidade entre os indivíduos infectados com e sem mielopatia e o grupo controle sem infecção HTLV-1. Também investigamos se idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal (IMC), nível de atividade física ou dor lombar influenciam a flexibilidade em indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 56 adultos, dos quais 15 não possuíam HTLV-1, 15 possuíam HTLV-1 sem mielopatia e 26 possuíam TSP/HAM. A flexibilidade foi avaliada por meio do teste de sentar e alcançar e do flexímetro de pêndulo. Resultados Não foram observadas diferenças na flexibilidade entre os grupos com e sem mielopatia no teste de sentar e alcançar. Os resultados do flexímetro pendular dos indivíduos com TSP/HAM apresentaram a menor flexibilidade entre os grupos em relação à flexão do tronco, flexão e extensão do quadril, flexão do joelho e dorsiflexão do tornozelo, mesmo após ajuste para idade, sexo, IMC, nível de atividade física e dor lombar usando modelos de regressão múltipla linear. Além disso, os indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1 sem mielopatia demonstraram redução da flexibilidade nos movimentos de flexão do joelho, dorsiflexão e flexão plantar do tornozelo. Conclusão Indivíduos com TSP/HAM demonstraram redução da flexibilidade na maioria dos movimentos avaliados pelo flexímetro pendular. Além disso, indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1 sem mielopatia demonstraram redução da flexibilidade do joelho e tornozelo, representando potencialmente um marcador de desenvolvimento mielopático.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1764417

O discurso iconográfico das imagens de Albert Kahn no Rio de Janeiro (1909): uma questão de posição
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GOMES, PAULO CÉSAR DA COSTA

; CASTRO, BERNARDO JOSÉ ALVAREZ DE

Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e17

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The article deals with a set of images, in autochrome, of the city of Rio de Janeiro. These images were produced in 1909 by Albert Kahn, creator of The Archives of the Planet project, which aimed to record the world in images and its variety of cultural aspects as it appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. The objective is to discuss how this set of images constitutes an iconographic discourse about the city of Rio de Janeiro from the analysis of the elements that appear there, the choices of angles, framings and points of view. The compositional analysis allowed us to interpret the construction of meaning in this discourse: a city built between the sea, the mountain, and the thick vegetation.

RESUMO O artigo trata de um conjunto de imagens, em autocromos, da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Essas imagens foram produzidas em 1909 por Albert Kahn, criador do projeto Arquivos do Planeta, que tinha como objetivo documentar em imagens o mundo e sua variedade de aspectos culturais tal como ele se apresentava no início do século XX. O objetivo é discutir como esse conjunto de imagens constitui um discurso iconográfico sobre a cidade do Rio de Janeiro por meio da análise dos elementos que aí figuram, das escolhas de ângulos, de enquadramentos e de pontos de vista. A análise composicional das imagens permitiu interpretar a construção de sentido nesse discurso: uma cidade construída entre o mar, a montanha e a densa vegetação.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-02672023v31e17

Anthelmintic treatment follow up in a rural community in Camamu, Bahia, Brazil
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FARIAS, MARINA M.B.

; BARRETO, NILO MANOEL P.V.

; ARAÚJO, WESLEI A.C.

; OLIVEIRA, CÍNTIA DE LIMA

; GONÇALVES, NOILSON LÁZARO S.

; CAMPAGNOLLO, KAMILA S.S.

; TEIXEIRA, MÁRCIA CRISTINA A.

; GALVÃO-CASTRO, BERNARDO

; SOARES, NECI M.

; SOUZA, JOELMA N. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 3 elocation e20230323

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Enteroparasites are an important public health problem and the treatment seeks to cure and reduce transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of anthelmintic treatment in individuals living in a rural community area in Camamu, Bahia, Brazil. The parasitological diagnosis was performed by spontaneous sedimentation, Baermann-Moraes and Agar Plate Culture methods. A total of 212 individuals were evaluated. The most frequent helminth was Trichuris trichiura, 24.5% (52/212), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides, 21.2% (45/212), hookworms, 16.5% (35/212), and S. stercoralis, 4.7% (10/212). In the anthelmintic treatment follow up, T. trichiura infection presented the lowest parasitological cure rate, only 60.6% (20/33). Hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides and Strongyloides stercoralis infections demonstrated cure rates of 70.5 (12/17), 78.1 (25/32) and 100% (5/5), respectively. Individuals who remained infected underwent a new drug therapy. The second parasitological cure rate for T. trichiura was 38.5% (5/13), and 66.7% (2/3) and 75% (3/4) for hookworms and Ascaris lumbricoides, respectively. Trichuris trichiura infection presented the lowest parasitological cure rate at this second evaluation. This reinforces the need to perform a follow-up of all treated individuals. The possibility of drug resistance denotes the necessity for studies to clarify the mechanisms and to evaluate new therapeutic approaches.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230323

Evaluation of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in patients with HTLV-1
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Pereira Vieira Barreto, Nilo Manoel

; Brito Farias, Marina Morena

; de Lima Oliveira, Cíntia

; Almeida Costa Araujo, Weslei

; Rios Grassi, Maria Fernanda

; Nascimento de Souza, Joelma

; Soares Jacobina, Beatriz

; Aquino Teixeira, Márcia Cristina

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Matos Soares, Neci

Biomédica

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Mar 2022, Volume 42 Nº 1 Páginas 31 - 40

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. Los individuos infectados por el virus linfotrópico T humano tipo 1 (HTLV-1) pueden presentar formas graves y diseminadas de infestación por Strongyloides stercoralis con poca mejoría terapéutica. Objetivo. Investigar la infestación por S. stercoralis y la seroprevalencia de IgG anti-S. stercoralis en individuos infectados por HTLV-1 atendidos en el Centro de Referencia para HTLV-1 (CHTLV), en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio transversal con 178 individuos infectados por HTLV-1 atendidos en el centro especializado de HTLV entre enero de 2014 y diciembre de 2018. El diagnóstico parasitológico de S. stercoralis se hizo mediante los métodos de Hoffman, Pons y Janer, cultivo en placa de agar y Baermann-Morais. Para la detección de IgG anti-S. stercoralis, se utilizó una prueba casera de inmunoabsorción ligada a enzimas (ELISA). La infección por HTLV-1 se diagnosticó usando un ELISA comercial y se confirmó mediante Western blot. Resultados. La frecuencia de infestación por S. stercoralis fue del 3,4 % (6/178). Además, los individuos infestados por S. stercoralis provenientes de la zona rural (50,0 %; 3/6) también mostraron hiperinfestación por S. stercoralis (>3.000 larvas/gramo de heces). La frecuencia de anticuerpos IgG anti-S. stercoralis fue del 20,8 % (37/178). Conclusiones. Las personas infectadas por HTLV-1 que viven en condiciones sanitarias precarias son más propensas a desarrollar formas graves de infestación por S. stercoralis. Teniendo en cuenta la gran vulnerabilidad y el resultado desfavorable de la infección en estos individuos, se debe considerar el diagnóstico serológico de S. stercoralis para administrar el tratamiento.

Abstract Introduction: Individuals infected with the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may present severe and disseminated forms of Strongyloides stercoralis infection with low therapeutic response. Objective: To investigate the S. stercoralis infection and the seroprevalence of IgG anti-S. stercoralis antibodies in individuals infected with HTLV-1 attending the Reference Center for HTLV-1 (CHTLV) in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 178 HTLV-1-infected individuals treated at the HTLV specialized center between January, 2014, and December, 2018. The parasitological diagnosis of S. stercoralis was performed using the Hoffman, Pons and Janer, agar plate culture, and Baermann-Morais methods. The IgG anti-S. stercoralis detection was performed using an in house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The HTLV-1 infection was diagnosed using a commercial ELISA and confirmed by Western blot. Results: The frequency of S. stercoralis infection was 3.4% (6/178). Individuals infected with S. stercoralis from rural areas (50.0%; 3/6) also showed S. stercoralis hyperinfection (>3,000 larvae/ gram of feces). The frequency of circulating anti-S. stercoralis IgG antibodies was 20.8% (37/178). Conclusions: HTLV-1-infected people living in precarious sanitary conditions are more prone to develop severe forms of S. stercoralis infection. Considering the high susceptibility and unfavorable outcome of the infection in these individuals, the serological diagnosis for S. stercoralis should be considered when providing treatment.

https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.5888 17 downloads

HIV/Aids and COVID-19 in Brazil: in four decades, two antithetical approaches to face serious pandemics
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Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

; Castilho, Euclides Ayres de

; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2021, Volume 116 elocation e210071

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In the space of four decades, Brazil has faced two serious pandemics: human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The country’s response to HIV/AIDS was coordinated by several stakeholders and recognised the importance of scientific evidence in guiding decision-making, and a network offering monitoring and antiretroviral treatment was provided through coordinated efforts by the country’s universal health system. Conversely, the lack of a centrally coordinated strategy and misalignment between government ministries regarding the COVID-19 pandemic response, together with the denial of scientific evidence, promotion of ineffective treatments and insufficient vaccination efforts, have all led to the uncontrolled spread of infection, the near-total collapse of the health system and excess deaths.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760210071 446 downloads

Laboratory diagnosis of human T-lymphotropic virus in Brazil: assays, flowcharts, challenges, and perspectives
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Caterino-de-Araujo, Adele

; Barbosa-Stancioli, Edel Figueiredo

; Alonso Neto, José Boullosa

; Aragón, Mayra Gonçalves

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Ishak, Ricardo

; Rosadas, Carolina

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e0175-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION We present a data analysis and review of recent studies regarding the laboratory diagnosis of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) infections in Brazil. METHODS Target populations, available diagnostic serological assays (screening and complementary tests), molecular assays (in-house), causes of false-positive and false-negative results, and flowcharts were analyzed. RESULTS A table presents the target populations, two diagnostic flowcharts (depending on laboratory infrastructure and study population), and recent research that may improve how HTLV-1/2 is diagnosed in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the implementation of public policies to reduce HTLV-1/2 transmission and its associated diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0175-2021 201 downloads

Perceptions about accreditation and quality management in higher education. Development of a spanish-language questionnaire with a sample of academics from a private university
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González-Bravo, Luis

; Stanciu, Dorin

; Nistor, Nicolae

; Castro, Bernardo

; Puentes, Gonzalo

; Valdivia, Maruzzella

Calidad en la educación

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Dez 2020, Nº 53 Páginas 321 - 363

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Quality improvement policies occupy a central place in higher education and represent important requirements for educational institutions in a globalized economy, and quality- related processes legitimacy is enhanced by the participation of academic community. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop and validate a Spanish-language scale intended to assess perceptions about the accreditation process and the quality management in Higher Education Institutions. Based on prior findings, and using a one-time, cross-sectional design, 339 academics across four Chilean major academic cities were surveyed. Using structural equation modeling, two solutions with adequate fit indices were found: a four-factor solution comprised of Institutional relevance of accreditation, Objectivity of accreditation evaluation, Internal Quality Unit relevance for accreditation, Value of accreditation to educational system, as main constructs, and a six-factors solution, which included two additional constructs, i.e., Continuous Quality Management value and Students’ participation value. The questionnaire developed in our research allows higher education institutions to objectively assess and quantify the benefits of quality management and accreditation. Its results are particularly pertinent for countries with Spanish as an official language, taking into account the importance of internationalization of higher education.

Resumen Las políticas de mejoramiento de la calidad ocupan un lugar central en la educación superior y representan requisitos importantes para las instituciones educativas en una economía globalizada, en tanto que la legitimidad de los procesos relacionados con la calidad se ve reforzada por la participación de la comunidad académica. En consecuencia, el propósito de este estudio es desarrollar y validar una escala en castellano destinada a evaluar las percepciones sobre el proceso de acreditación y la gestión de la calidad en las Instituciones de Educación Superior. En base a hallazgos anteriores, y utilizando un diseño transversal en un solo momento en el tiempo, se encuestaron 339 académicos en cuatro ciudades académicas importantes de Chile. Utilizando el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales, se encontraron dos soluciones con índices de ajuste adecuados: una solución de cuatro factores que incluye Relevancia institucional de la Acreditación, Objetividad de la evaluación de acreditación, Relevancia de la Unidad de Calidad Interna para la acreditación, Valor de la acreditación para el sistema educativo, como principales constructos, y una solución de seis factores, que incluyó dos constructos adicionales: el Valor de la gestión continua de la Calidad y el Valor de la participación de los Estudiantes. El cuestionario desarrollado en nuestra investigación, permite a las instituciones de educación superior evaluar y cuantificar objetivamente los beneficios de la gestión de la calidad y la acreditación. Sus resultados son particularmente pertinentes para países con el castellano como lengua oficial considerando la importancia de la internacionalización de la educación superior.

https://doi.org/10.31619/caledu.n53.860 177 downloads

Síndrome de Béguez-Steinbrinck-Higashi: un nuevo epónimo para el síndrome de Chediak-Higashi
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Castro Castro, Bernardo

; Ballester Santovenia, José Manuel

; Peña Sánchez, María Antonia

; Batista Duharte, Alexander

; Robinson Rodríguez, Rosa Julia

Revista Cubana de Hematología, Inmunología y Hemoterapia

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Jun 2019, Volume 35 Nº 2 elocation e954

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT On December 1943, Dr. Antonio María Béguez César detailed in the Journal of the Cuban Pediatric Society the clinical and hematologic aspects of a rare disorder suffered by three children from a family in the locality, who expired during the first years of their lives in Santiago de Cuba. At that moment there was no report about similar findings in the medical literature, therefore it is considered the first description of a disease denominated by him as familial malignant chronic neutropenia with atypical granulations of leucocytes, misleadingly revealed as Chediak-Higashi syndrome instead of Béguez-Steinbrinck-Higashi syndrome. This disease consists of a primary immunodeficiency induced by mutations in the regulator gen of the lysosomal function, which is able to alter the formation of phagolysosoma in the neutrophil and determine the presence of giant secretor granules associated with the predominance of recurrent infections provoked by pyogen bacteria. Here, a brief history of it’s discovery as well as an updating of it’s physiopathology are carried out.

RESUMEN En diciembre de 1943, el Dr. Antonio María Béguez César detalló en el Boletín de la Sociedad Cubana de Pediatría los aspectos clínicos y hematológicos de una rara afección que padecieron tres niños de una familia santiaguera, quienesfallecieron en sus primeros años de vida. No había informes sobre hallazgos similares en la bibliografía médica, por lo cual se consideró la primera descripción de unaenfermedaddenominada por él comoneutropenia crónica maligna familiar con granulaciones atípicas de los leucocitos, que aún hoy suele divulgarse erróneamente como síndrome de Chediak-Higashi y no como síndrome de Béguez-Steinbrinck-Higashi. Esta enfermedad es una inmunodeficiencia primaria causada por mutaciones en el gen regulador de la función lisosomal, capaz de alterar la formación del fagolisosoma en el neutrófilo y determinar la presencia de gránulos secretores gigantes en su interior, asociadas a un predominio deinfecciones recurrentes generadas por bacterias piógenas. Aquí se realiza un recuento histórico del descubrimiento de esta entidad y se actualiza su fisiopatología.

Revisiting Keratoconjunctivitis sicca associated with Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1: prevalence, clinical aspects and proviral load
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Rathsam-Pinheiro, Regina Helena

; Boa-Sorte, Ney

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

; Copello, Úrsula Cury

; Rios, Karla Tayrine Silva Guimarães

; Araújo, Thessika

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Mar 2019, Volume 23 Nº 2 Páginas 95 - 101

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) associated with Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) (HTLV-1/KCS) has been estimated at around 37%, but its clinical manifestations are poorly described. Purpose: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of HTLV-1/KCS in a large cohort of HTLV-1-infected individuals living in Salvador, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2004 and September 2017 at the Integrative and Multidisciplinary Center for HTLV in Salvador, Bahia-Brazil. Data from 758 HTLV-1-infected patients was collected. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed in both eyes. Lacrimal function was evaluated by breakup time, Rose Bengal and Schirmer I Tests. KCS diagnosis was considered in the presence of at least two out of three positive tests. HTLV-1 proviral load Crude and Adjusted Prevalence Rates (PR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were estimated using multivariate Poisson Regression with robust error variance. Results: The overall prevalence of KCS was 31.7%, with higher rates observed in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis patients (crude PR: 1.84; CI95%: 1.50-2.26) even after adjusting for age, sex, time of HTLV-1 diagnosis and schooling (adjusted PR: 1.63; CI95%: 1.31-2.02). Proviral load, low corrected visual acuity, burning and/or pain and itching were all significantly higher in patients with KCS. Conclusion: Burning and/or pain and itching and low corrected visual acuity were the most common alterations of HTLV-1/KCS. High Proviral load was found to be associated with the presence of KCS. It is strongly recommended that HTLV-1 patients undergo periodic ophthalmologic examination to promote the early diagnosis of KCS and prevent the consequences associated with dry eye disease.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.04.002 501 downloads

10.

Evaluation of the cervicovaginal environment in asymptomatic Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infected women
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Firmino, Alisson de Aquino

; Martins, Adenilda Lima Lopes

; Gois, Luana Leandro

; Paixão, Taiane Silva

; Batista, Everton da Silva

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Jan 2019, Volume 23 Nº 1 Páginas 27 - 33

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is sexually transmitted and causes persistent infection. This virus induces activation of the immune system and production of inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to assess the cytokine profile and cytopathological findings in the cervicovaginal fluid of asymptomatic HTLV-1-infected women. Methods: HTLV-1-infected and uninfected women were selected at the Centro de Atendimento ao Portador de HTLV in Salvador-Brazil. None of the included HTLV-1-infected women reported any HTLV-1-associated diseases. All volunteers underwent gynecological examination to collect cervicovaginal fluid. Cytokine quantification was performed using the Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) Human Th1/Th2/Th17 kit. Light microscopy was used to evaluate cervicovaginal cytopathology. In addition, proviral load in cervicovaginal fluid and peripheral blood was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: 112 women (63 HTLV-1-infected and 49 uninfected) were evaluated. No differences were found with respect to cytopathological cervicovaginal findings between the groups. IL-2, TNF, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 levels were significantly higher in cervicovaginal fluid of the HTLV-1-infected women than in uninfected women (p < 0.05). Conversely, IFN-γ was found to be lower in the HTLV-1-infected women (p < 0.001) compared to uninfected individuals. Cervicovaginal proviral load was detectable in 53% of the HTLV-1-infected women and was found to be consistently lower than the proviral load in peripheral blood. Conclusions: HTLV-1 infection induces immune activation in cervicovaginal environment, characterized by elevated concentrations of Th1, Th2, and IL17 in the cervicovaginal fluid.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.02.001 503 downloads

11.

Increasing awareness of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 infection: a serious, invisible, and neglected health problem in Brazil
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Puccioni-Sohler, Marzia

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Caterino, Adele

; Proietti, Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro

; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo

; Galvão-Castro, Ana Verena

; Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos

; Paiva, Arthur

; Penalva, Augusto

; Rosadas, Carolina

; Miyashiro, Denis

; Barbosa, Edel Figueiredo

; Carvalho, Edgar Marcelino de

; Batista, Everton da Silva

; Smid, Jerusa

; Casseb, Jorge

; Vidal, Jose

; Sousa, Maisa Silva

; Viana, Maria Graça de Castro

; Bastos, Michele de Souza

; Lírio, Monique

; Boa-Sorte, Ney

; Ferreira Jr, Orlando C.

; Takayanagui, Osvaldo

; Moura, Patrícia

; Rocco, Regina

; Cunha, Rodrigo Guimaraes

; Haddad, Simone Kashima

; Assone, Tatiane

; Araújo, Thessika Hialla Almeida

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volume 52 elocation e20190343

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0343-2019 953 downloads

12.

Algorithm for dry eye disease diagnosis in individuals infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1
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Castro-Lima-Vargens, Cristina

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

; Boa-Sorte, Ney

; Rathsam-Pinheiro, Regina Helena

; Almeida, Paula Caroline Matos

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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Dez 2017, Volume 80 Nº 6 Páginas 369 - 372

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a precisão da propedêutica do filme lacrimal e propor um algoritmo para o diagnóstico da doença do olho seco em indivíduos infectados com Vírus linfotrópico de células-T humanas tipo 1. Métodos: Noventa e seis pacientes infectados com o vírus linfotrópico de células T humana tipo 1 foram incluídos no estudo. Para avaliar sintomatologia, os pacientes responderam o questionário Índice para Doenças da Superfície Ocular. A fim de avaliar a qualidade do filme lacrimal, os pacientes foram submetidos ao teste de ruptura do filme lacrimal, teste de Schirmer I e coloração com Rosa Bengala. A doença do olho seco foi diagnosticada quando, pelo menos, dois dos testes ruptura do filme lacrimal, teste de Schirmer I e coloração com Rosa Bengala) eram anormais. Foram determinados sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo e negativo e acurácia do questionário e de cada teste sozinho e combinados em paralelo e em série. Resultados: O teste de ruptura do filme lacrimal foi o mais sensível (98%) e o teste de Schirmer I foi o mais específico (100%). A maior acurácia foi encontrada no teste de coloração com Rosa Bengala (88,64%), enquanto sintomas avaliados usando o questionário Índice para Doenças da Superfície Ocular teve a menor acurácia geral (62,65%). O teste de ruptura do filme lacrimal, teste de Schirmer I e Questionário de Doença da Superfície Ocular quando combinados em paralelo mostraram um aumento da sensibilidade e uma diminuição na especificidade de todos os testes. Por outro lado, combinados em série, teste de ruptura do filme lacrimal, Schirmer I e questionário Índice para Doenças da Superfície Ocular tiveram um aumento na especificidade e sensibilidade diminuída. Conclusão: Este estudo apontou a necessidade de utilizar mais do que um teste para avaliar a qualidade do filme lacrimal, bem como utilizar um questionário de sintomas como parte do algoritmo de diagnóstico para doença do olho seco.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of lacrimal film tests and propose an algorithm for the diagnosis of dry eye disease in individuals infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Methods: Ninety-six patients infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 were enrolled in the study. To assess clinical complaints, patients completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire. To evaluate lacrimal film quality, patients underwent the tear breakup time test, Schirmer I test, and Rose Bengal staining. Dry eye disease was diagnosed when at least two of the three test results were abnormal. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy of the questionnaire as well as of each test alone and combined in parallel and in series were determined. Results: The most sensitive test was the tear breakup time test (98%), whereas the most specific was the Schirmer I test (100%). Rose Bengal staining had the highest overall accuracy (88.64%), whereas the Ocular Surface Disease Index had the lowest overall accuracy (62.65%). The tear breakup time test, Schirmer I test, and Ocular Surface Disease Index combined in parallel showed increased sensitivity and decreased specificity for all tests. In contrast, when combined in series, these tests demonstrated increased specificity and decreased sensitivity. Conclusion: This study shows the need to use multiple tests to evaluate tear film quality and include a symptom questionnaire as part of the diagnostic algorithm for dry eye disease.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20170090 897 downloads

13.

As sentenças de interpretação conforme à Constituição: Análise dos limites jurídico-funcionais do Tribunal Constitucional nas relações com as demais jurisdições
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Castro, Bernardo de

e-Pública: Revista Eletrónica de Direito Público

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Nov 2016, Volume 3 Nº 2 Páginas 229 - 258

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As sentenças de interpretação conforme à Constituição traduzem-se naquelas decisões interpretativas em que o Tribunal Constitucional, pese embora o facto de não considerar a disposição como inconstitucional, pré-determina e impõe um sentido diferente, mais conforme à Constituição. Apesar de o número de sentenças de interpretação conforme ter sido relativamente escasso na jurisprudência do Tribunal Constitucional, a análise deste tipo de decisões não é irrelevante, sob um ponto de vista teórico, uma vez que são susceptíveis de originar conflitos de competência com as outras jurisdições. Com efeito, alguma doutrina tem-se mostrado reticente principalmente no que respeita à possibilidade de o Tribunal Constitucional impor às demais jurisdições uma determinada interpretação conforme à Constituição, ao abrigo do arigo. 80.o, n.º 3 da Lei do Tribunal Constitucional argumentando no sentido da inconstitucionalidade deste preceito, por colocar em causa o princípio da independência dos tribunais, ínsito do artigo 203.o da Constituição.

The interpretative of sentences according to the Constitution translate those interpretative decisions in which the Constitutional Court, despite the fact of not considering the provision as unconstitutional, pre-determines and imposes a different meaning, more consistent with the Constitution. Although the number of this decisions as being relatively scarce in the Constitutional Court's jurisprudence, the analysis of such decisions is not irrelevant from a theoretical point of view, since they are likely to give rise to conflicts of jurisdiction with other jurisdictions. Indeed, some doctrine has shown particularly reluctant with regard to the possibility of the Constitutional Court imposing on other jurisdictions a particular interpretation according to the Constitution, under article 80, paragraph 3 of Constitutional Court's Law arguing the unconstitutionality of that provision, by putting into question the principle of independence of the courts, established in article 203 of the Constitution.

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14.

Resiliência e Processos Protetivos de Adolescentes com Deficiência Física e Surdez Incluídos em Escolas Regulares
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Libório, Renata Maria Coimbra

; Castro, Bernardo Monteiro de

; Ferro, Elaine Gomes

; Souza, Marilza Terezinha Soares

Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial

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Jun 2015, Volume 21 Nº 2 Páginas 185 - 198

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

<p>O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa, realizada em duas cidades de médio porte do estado de São Paulo, cujo objetivo foi identificar e analisar processos protetivos associados à resiliência. Os participantes foram 16 adolescentes, de faixa etária entre 14 e 17 anos, expostos a adversidades. Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados referentes a quatro adolescentes com deficiência física ou auditiva incluídos em escolas regulares. Foi realizado um estudo exploratório, incluindo entrevistas semiestruturadas e métodos visuais (fotografias e filmagens do cotidiano), os quais foram analisados segundo a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados (TFD). Foram identificados diversos aspectos relativos: 1) aos processos de resiliência dos participantes, associados à qualidade dos relacionamentos interpessoais estabelecidos entre eles, colegas e profissionais da educação, com destaque para os professores intérpretes; 2) ao uso das tecnologias e mídias sociais no favorecimento da comunicação entre eles, amigos e familiares sem deficiência, e 2) às estratégias de enfrentamento da dor e das limitações físicas visando ao bem-estar a médio prazo. Ressalta-se a necessidade de trabalhar em prol do fortalecimento dos adolescentes com deficiência e de auxiliá-los na promoção de seu caminho em direção à inclusão escolar e social, por meio de reflexões sobre o lugar ocupado pelas escolas em suas vidas, o que pode favorecer os processos de resiliência.</p>

<p>The paper presents the results of a survey conducted in two medium sized cities in the state of São Paulo, aimeing to identify and analyze protective processes associated with resilience. The participants were 16 teenagers, aged 14 to 17 years, who were exposed to adversities. This paper presents the results related to 4 adolescents with physical disabilities or deafness who are included in regular schools. An exploratory study was carried out, using semi-structured interviews and visual methods (photographs and videotaped recordings of daily life), which were analyzed according to Grounded Theory. Several aspects were identified regarding: 1) the participants' resilience processes associated to the quality of interpersonal relationships established among themselves, their peers and education professionals, underscoring the teacher interpreters; 2) the use of technology and social media in fostering communication between these students, their friends and family members without disabilities, and 3) the use of coping strategies to deal with pain and physical limitations, aiming for medium term well-being. The paper highlights the importance of working towards promoting a strengthening process for young people with disabilities in order to provide them with a pathway towards educational and social inclusion through reflections on the role played by schools in their lives, so as to promote resilience processes.</p>

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-65382115000200002 5123 downloads

15.

HAM/TSP and major depression: the role of age
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Boa-Sorte, Ney

; Galvão-Castro, Ana Verena

; Borba, Danilo

; Lima, Renan Barbalho Nunes de Castro

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Jun 2015, Volume 19 Nº 3 Páginas 314 - 318

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: To investigate the role of demographic variables in the relationship between the presence of HAM/TSP and current major depression.Methods: It is a cross-sectional study of 108 HTLV-1 infected patients (47 with TSP/HAM) resident of Salvador, Brazil. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Brazilian Version 5 was used to evaluate the presence of depression. Prevalence ratios were used to describe relationship between HAM/TSP and depression. The HAM/TSP classification was carried out according to the criteria proposed by Castro-Costa et al.Results: Prevalence of depression was 37.96%. No association was observed between presence of HAM/TSP and diagnosis of current major depression in the global analysis of patients (PR: 0.94; CI 95%: 0.57-1.55). In the stratified analysis, however, greater prevalence of depres- sion was observed amongst individuals with HAM/TSP in the 18-39 age group (PR: 2.59; CI 95%: 1.36-4.95).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that age is an effect modifier in the relationship between HAM/TSP and depression, and this aspect should be considered in future studies on the topic.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2014.12.003 1020 downloads

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